Monday, 29 September 2014

Know India Series ... Episode 3rd...


  • Indian Tribes :

    • Classification Based on Ethnicity :
    1. Negrito :--
      • Earliest inhabitants of Indian Peninsula.
      • Superior in mechanical equipment.
      • shelters in mountains and thick forests.
      • Andaman and Nicobar -- Onge, Great Andamanese, Sentinelese and Jarawa.
      • Kerala --- Kadar, Irulars, Paniyans.
      • Identification -- curly hair, broad nose, medium height, dark skin.
    2. Mongoloid :---
      • shelter in Sub-Himalayan region.
      • Palaeo Mongoloids -- found in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Manipur.
      • Tibeto Mongoloids -- Sikkim, Arunachal, migrated from Tibet, speak Mon-Khmer and Tibeto-Burmese
    3. Mediterranean (Dravidian) :--
      • no ethnic significance.
      • found in Chhota Nagpur plateau, Rajmahal Hill, Aravali Hills, Central Vindhyachal, Deccan, Nilgiri hills.
      • Kolarians --- also called Mundari --- viz. Mundas, Santhals, Oraons.
      • Dravidians --- Gonds, Kondhs.
    • Based on Location :
    • highest tribes in MP 73, Arunachal 62, Orissa 56, MH 52, AP 43.
    1. Northen and North Eastern :
    • North east :---
      • Paro-Barokachari, Miri, Mizo --- highest in Assam.
      • Anal, Kabui, Gangte, Zarao, Mayan, Mansang --- Assam.
      • Khasi, Garo, Jaintiya --- Meghalaya.
      • Mizi, Pawis, and Lakhers --- Mizoram.
      • Naga --- Nagaland.
    • Himachal :---
      • Gaddi --- on snowy range.
      • Kinner --- Kinnaur.
      • Pangwal --- Pangri region Chamba districts.
      • Lahuli --- Lahul-Spiti region.
    • UP :--
      • In Tarai-Bhabhar --- Jaunsari, Bhotia, Rajis.
  • 2. Central :-
    • proto-Australoid group -- Gond, Bhumij, Ho, Oraon, Munda, Santhal, Bhil.
    • found in  --- WB, Southern UP, MP, Orissa, MH.
    • MP--- Muria in Muria & Abujhmar hills and  Dorla in Bastar.
    • WB -- Mala and Savara, also Baiga -- means Medicine man -- most populous.
  • 3. Southern Western :---
    • Chenchus, Irulas, Kadars, Ketas, Kurumbas, Jedas.
    • having features of Negrito, Caucasoid, Proto-Australoid.
    • in Kerala, AP, KN, TN.
    • AP -- Chenchus, Lambadi.
    • KN -- Koragas and Kuruba.
    • Kerala -- Koragas.
  • 4. Andaman and Nicobar :
    • Negrito : -- Andamanese, Onges, Sentinelese --- only on Andaman group of island,.
    • Mongoloid : --- Inhabitants of Nicobar group of island -- Shorn Pens, and  Nicobarese
    • Jarawa :----- in Western part of South, Middle, north Andaman
    • Onges -- Andaman and utland.
    • Sentinelese -- Sentinelese island.
    • Shorn Pens -- Eastern and south eastern coast of Nicobar, on banks of Digmar, Alexandra, Galathoa rivers.
    • Nicobarese (Holchu) --- only on Car Nicobar and Chowra.
  • Primitive Tribes Groups (PTG) :--
    • Dhaber commission 1960-61 --- found inequality among STs
    • 4th FYP -- created new sub-category --- Primitive Tribal Group
    • 75 groups identified as PTG.
    • 75th tribe -- Maram in Manipur in 1993-94.
    • GOI --- changed name to Primitive Vulnerable Tribal Group PVTG -- in 2006.

    1.  
    State / UTs
    Name of PTG
    1.  
    Andhra Pradesh
    1.   Bodo Gadaba
    2.   Bondo Poroja
    3.   Chenchu
    4.   Dongria Khond
    5.   Gutob Gadaba
    6.   Khond Poroja
    7.   Kolam
    8.   Kondareddis
    9.   Konda Savaras
    10. Kutia Khond
    11. Parengi Poroja
    12. Thoti
    1.  
    Bihar (including Jharkhand)
    13. Asurs
    14. Birhor
    15. Birjia
    16. Hill Kharia
    17. Korwas
    18. Mal Paharia
    19. Parhaiyas
    20. Sauria Paharia
    21. Savar
    1.  
    Gujarat
    22. Kathodi
    23. Kotwalia
    24. Padhar
    25. Siddi
    26. Kolgha
    1.  
    Karnataka
    27. Jenu Kuruba
    28. Koraga
    1.  
    Kerala
    29. Cholanaikayan
    (a section of Kattunaickans)
    30. Kadar
    31. Kattunayakan
    32. Kurumbas
    33. Koraga
    1.  
    Madhya Pradesh (including Chhattisgarh)
    34. Abujh Marias
    35. Baigas
    36. Bharias
    37. Hill Korbas
    38. Kamars
    39. Saharias
    40. Birhor
    1.  
    Maharashtra
    41. Katkaria
    (Kathodia)
    42. Kolam
    43. Maria Gond
    1.  
    Manipur
    44. Marram Nagas
    1.  
    Orissa
    45. Birhor
    46. Bondo
    47. Didayi
    48. Dongria-Khond
    49. Juangs
    50. Kharias
    51. Kutia Kondh
    52. Lanjia Sauras
    53. Lodhas
    54. Mankidias
    55. Paudi Bhuyans
    56. Soura
    57. Chuktia Bhunjia
    1.  
    Rajasthan
    58. Seharias
    1.  
    Tamil Nadu
    59. Kattu Nayakans
    60. Kotas
    61. Kurumbas
    62. Irulas
    63. Paniyans
    64. Todas
    1.  
    Tripura
    65. Reangs
    1.  
    Uttar Pradesh (including  Uttarakhand)
    66. Buxas
    67. Rajis
    1.  
    West Bengal
    68. Birhor
    69. Lodhas
    70. Totos
    1.  
    Andaman & Nicobar Islands
    71. Great Andamanese
    72. Jarawas
    73. Onges
    74. Sentinelese
    75. Shom Pens
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